Selasa, 29 Maret 2011

Beretta M 1951 (M951 and M951R)


Beretta M 1951.
Beretta M 1951.

Beretta M1951R (select-fire).
Beretta M1951R (select-fire).

Beretta M1951R (select-fire) with forward handle attached. Fire selector is seen just behind and above the trigger.
Beretta M1951R (select-fire) with forward handle attached. Fire selector is seen just behind and above the trigger.

Characteristics

Type: Single Action 
Chamber: 9x19mm Luger/Parabellum 
Weight unloaded: 1300 g 
Length: 194 mm (203 mm M951R) 
Barrel length: 114 mm (125 mm M951R) 
Capacity: 8 rounds (also 10 rounds for M951R) 

The Beretta M 1951 pistol, also known as M951, had been developed as a military pistol early in 1950s by Pietro Beretta Armi SpA, Italy, and had been in use by Italian, Egyptian and Israeli forces. The production of the M951 started circa 1953 and continued until 1980, when M951 had been replaced by Beretta M92. The select-fire version of the M951, known as M951R, had been developed circa 1955 and been in limited production until early 1980s, when it was replaced by Beretta M93R.
Technically, M951 is a recoil operated, locked breech pistol. The short recoiling barrel is locked to the slide by vertically tilting locking piece under the barrel (Walther P38 style locking). The trigger is of single action type, the gun features cross-bolt safety switch at the rear of the grip. The magazine release button is located at the bottom of the grip. Magazine is single stack and holds 8 rounds.
The M951R is a select-fire version of M951, that featured longer barrel, heavier slide and extended magazine that holds 10 rounds (standard 8 rounds magazines also will fit). To achieve better control over the full-auto fire, additional front grip can be installed. M951R had been used by Italian Carabineri and some anti-terror units.
Egypt produced licensed copy of the M951 under the name "Helwan".

Beretta moldes 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 89


Beretta model 81, 7.65mm.
Beretta model 81, 7.65mm.

Beretta model 85FS, 9mm Short.
Beretta model 85FS, 9mm Short.

Beretta model 86, 9mm Short, tip-up barrel.
Beretta model 86, 9mm Short, tip-up barrel.

Beretta model 86, 9mm Short, tip-up barrel is opened.
Beretta model 86, 9mm Short, tip-up barrel is opened.

Beretta model 87
Beretta model 87 "target", .22LR, extended barrel version.

Beretta model 89, .22LR.
Beretta model 89, .22LR.

Characteristics
Type: Double Action (models 87 and 89 - Single Action)
Chamber: .22LR (5.6mm) models 87 and 89; 7.65x17mm (.32ACP) models 81 and 82; 9x17mm Short (.380 ACP) models 84, 85 and 86 
Weight unloaded: 570 - 680 g depending on model 
Length: 172 mm 
Barrel length: 97 mm 
Capacity: 7 (model 87), 8 (models 82, 85, 86, 89), 12 (model 81), 13 (model 84) rounds 

New generation of the compact pistols from famous Italian company Pietro Beretta appeared in 1976, with introduction of the models 81, 82, 84 and, later, 85. These models were similar in appearance, major dimensions and design, and differed only in calibers and magazine capacities. Models 81 and 82 were chambered for 7.62x17mm Browning cartridge, also known as .32ACP. Models 84 and 85 were chambered for 9x17mm Browning Short, also known as .380ACP. Models 81 and 84 had double-stack, high capacity magazines, while models 82 and 85 had single-stack magazines and thinner grips. During the following decades, these models passed some upgrades and currently manufactured in FS modifications, easily distinguishable from earlier versions by reshaped triggerguards, styled after famous Beretta 92FS combatt pistol. During the same period some internal alterations also were made. Later, in 1986, Beretta added another pistol to this line, a model 86. Being similar to model 85 in almost all aspects, Beretta 86 has redesigned front part of the frame and added a tip-up barrel. This means that the barrel is hinged to the frame under the muzzle, and rear part of the barrel can be tipped up for visual inspection, clearing, manual unloading and loading directly into the chamber. Latter is an essential thing for those who cannot cycle the slide manually, due to weak, or wet hands, for example. Beretta now marketed these guns under the common name "Cheetah".
This family also includes two rimfire pistols, intended mostly for plinking and target shooting. Model 87 is similar in appearance to other models but has single-stack magazine and available with snandard lenght or with extended barrel. Model 89 is a target pistol, with extended, heavy barrel and light slide. Model 89 is equipped with ajustable rear sights and has a scope rail on the top of the barrel jacket. Both Model 87 and Model 89 featured single action triggers.
In general, all these pistols are blowback operated, hammer fired guns. Ambidextrous safety is mounted on the frame and disconnects the trigger from the sear and locks the slide when engaged. Slides are of familiar Beretta opent-top pattern, and overall shape of these guns is very similar to famous Beretta 92 pistol. Frames are made from ligh alloy, slides are steel. All centerfire pistols of this family featured fixed sights, dovetailed into the slide. These guns can be found in blued or nickel finish, with plastick or wooden grip panels.
Modifications:
Modifications are marked with suffixes after the model number, such as model 82BB or model 84FS.
BB models. This was first modification of the whole line. All BB-marked models have the following additional features: loaded chamber indicator; automated firing pin safety; hammer half-cock position.
FS models. These are the latest (current) versions of the breed. FH models have safety coupled with decocker device, so, when safety is applied, hammer drops automatically against the interceptor, and then slide and sear are locked. Triggerguard of all FS models is reshaped for better two-hands grip and patterned after the Beretta 92FS / US M9 pistol.

Beretta model 34 / 1934 and model 35 / 1935 pistol


Beretta M34 pistol.
Beretta M34 pistol.

Beretta M34 pistol.
Beretta M34 pistol.

Beretta M34 pistol, basic disassembly.
Beretta M34 pistol, basic disassembly.

Beretta M35 pistol.
Beretta M35 pistol.

Characteristics

TypeSingle Action semiautomatic
Caliber(s)M34:  9mm Corto / 9x17 Browning  Short / .380 ACP
M35: 7.65x17 Browning / .32 ACP
Weight unloaded605 g empty
Length150 mm
Barrel length88 mm
Magazine capacity7 rounds (9mm) or 8 rounds (7.65mm)

The Beretta Modello 1934 pistol (or Beretta 34 in short) was a result of the almost 20 years of evolution, which started in 1915, when designer Tulio Marengoni designed his first semi-automatic pistol for famous Italian gun-making company Beretta. The Beretta M34 pistol was standartized by Italian army in 1934 in caliber 9mm Corto (9x17 Browning Short, also known as .380 ACP). Next year, the same gun chambered for less powerful 7.65x17 Browning / .32 ACP ammunition was adopted by Italian Navy and Air Force as Modello 1935 (M35). Both pistols were wery well regarded by its users, being of simple, realiable and sturdy (some say - overbuilt) design and quality workmanship. The Beretta M34 pistols have served with Italian military until mid-1950s. Production of the Model 34 pistols and its minor variants lasted until about 1980, with more than a million of pistols made over more than 40 years. 
Beretta Model 1934 pistol is a simple blowback operated weapon. It uses typical 'Beretta-style' open top slide design, with return spring located below the barrel. The barrel is stationary during firing, but can be easily removed for inspection or maintenance. Trigger is of single action type, with exposed hammer. Manual safety lever is located at the left side of the frame, above the trigger, and requires full 180o rotation to engage (lever pointing rearward, letter 'S' exposed) or disengage (lever pointing forward, letter 'F' or red dot exposed). The same safety lever is used as a slide lock during disassembly, to hold slide to the rear. There is no dedicated slide stop mechanism, but the slide remains open after the last shot, being captured in the open position by the magazine follower. The slide automatically closes itself on the empty chamber as soon as empty magazine is withdrawn. The single stack box magazine normally holds 7 rounds in 9mm versions or 8 rounds in 7.65mm versions. Magazine release is located at the base of the grip.

Benelli B76 B80 B82 pistols


Benelli B76 pistol, left side.
Benelli B76 pistol, left side.

Benelli B76 pistol, right side.
Benelli B76 pistol, right side.

Benelli B76 Sport.
Benelli B76 Sport.

Diagram from patent US 3,893,369 that explains Benelli inertia-locked action.
Diagram from patent US 3,893,369 that explains Benelli inertia-locked action.

Characteristics

TypeDouble Action semiautomatic
Caliber(s)9x19 Luger (B76), 7.65x21 Luger (B80), 9x18 Ultra (B82)
Weight unloaded970 g
Length205 mm
Barrel length108 mm
Magazine capacity8 rounds

This rather interesting pistol has been developed by famous Italian arms company, Benelli Armi. Basic idea of inertia-locked semiautomatic pistol has been devised in around 1983, and US patent No. 3,893,369 for this action was received in 1975. Manufacture of new pistols commenced in 1976, hence the model name, B76. Later on, two more models were added to line-up, the B80 in 7.62x21mm Luger / Parabellum and B82 in 9x18 Police. These latter versions were intended mostly for civilian market, since firearms in "military" calibers like 9x19 Luger / Parabellum / NATO are not permitted for civilian ownership in Italy. Manufacture of B76 line of pistols continued up until 1990 or so, when this design was dropped from Benelli product line, apparently because of insufficient sales.
Benelli B76, as well as its subsequent versions, was a well made weapon with good ergonomics and excellent potential in accuracy, because of stationary barrel and soft recoil (this resulted in appearance of dedicated Sport versions, with longer barrels, target sights and match-tuned triggers). However, it was somewhat expensive to make and rather heavy for its moderate magazine capacity of "only" 8 rounds. Also, because of inertia locking, this pistol is somewhat sensitive to proper grip with the firing hand.
Benelli B76 pistol uses inertia-locked, blowback operated action with stationary barrel and separate breechblock located within a slide. When in battery, this breechblock (#3 on diagram above) engages the perpendicular cuts, made in the frame (#10), with its lugs. The slide (#2) is connected to breechblock via the swinging link (#4 on diagram). Upon the discharge, the mass (inertia force) of the slide is added to the force of the return spring, and slide through the ling pushes on to the breechblock, forcing it to stay locked with the frame. Once recoil force overcomes the inertia of the slide, its pressure on the breechblock is decreased and simple blowback effect takes the action, pushing the breechblock out of the frame recesses and then back, cycling the slide and reloading the pistol. The trigger of B76 is of more or less conventional double action type, with exposed hammer. manual safety is located on the left side of the frame, above the grip panel. Magazines are single stack, magazine release is located at the base of triggerguard. Sights, depending on model, can be either of fixed or adjustable type.

Star Megastar


Star Megastar (Spain)

Characteristics

Type: Double Action 
Chamber: 10mm Auto or .45ACP 
Weight unloaded: 1400 g 
Length: 212 mm 
Barrel length: 116 mm 
Capacity: 14 (10mm) or 12 (.45) rounds 

The Megastar pistol is a heavy, powerful pistol, which appeared on the markets in 1993. It was designed and manufactured by the Spanish company Star Bonifacio Echeverria SA, and its design is based on the previous guns by the same manufacturer, such as Star 30M. Production of the Megastar was completed in the late 1990s.
Megastar is a recoil operated, locked breech semi-automatic pistol. It uses a Browning High-Power type locking system with tilting barrel. Megastar is a hammer fired pistol, with double action trigger and ambidextrous, slide mounted safety-decocker lever. The safety lever has three positions: upper one for "fire" mode, red dot is shown; medium one for "safe" mode, this withdraws and locks the firing pin; and the lower one for safe decocking (after decocking safety lever springs back to the "safe" position). Megastar also features a magazine disconnect safety which does not allow to fire the gun withouth magazine in the place. Megastar slide and frame are made from the steel, and like other latest Star pistols, Megastar has internal slide rails, instead of more usual external rails. This pistol features non-ajustable sights. Magazine capacity is quite impressive, especially when speaking about the period of the early 1990s, and is 12 rounds of .45ACP or 14 rounds of 10mm Auto.
Overall, Megastar represents one of the strongest designs in auto-pistols, heavy but powerful and built to last forewer. Heavy weight also helps to control the recoil of the powerful cartridges used.

Star Firestar


Star Firestar M-43, 9mm.
Star Firestar M-43, 9mm.

Star Firestar M-40, .40S&W.
Star Firestar M-40, .40S&W.

Star Firestar M-45, .45ACP.
Star Firestar M-45, .45ACP.

Characteristics

Type: Single Action (M-43); Double Action (M-40 and M-45)
Chamber: 9x19 mm Parabellum (M-43); .40 S&W (M-40); .45 ACP (M-45) 
Weight unloaded: 855 g (M-43 and M-40); 1025 g (M-45)
Length: 165 mm (M-43 and M-40); 170 mm (M-45)
Barrel length: 86 mm (M-43 and M-40); 97 mm (M-45) 
Capacity: 7 rounds (M-43); 6 rounds (M-40 and M-45) 

The Firestar pistols, also known as models M-43, M40 and M-45, were designed and are still being manufactured by the Spanish company Star Bonifacio Echeverria SA. These pistols were announced early in 1990s and are sold worldwide for civilian market.
All Firestars are compact, steel-framed semi-automatic pistols. Firestar pistols are recoil operated, with Browning cam locking and short barrel recoil. Barrel muzzle is externally cone-shaped to achieve the best fit into the slide for improved accuracy. 9mm Firestar M-43 is a hammer fired, single action pistol with frame mounted, ambidextrous safety lever. .40sw M-40 and .45acp M-45, unlike their 9mm brother, are double action pistols with similar frame mounted ambidextrous safety that allows for "cocked and locked" carry (hammer is cocked and safey is applied). All Firestars featured automated firing pin safey and magazine disconnect safety. Single column magazine holds 7 rounds in 9mm M-43 pistols or 6 rounds in .40sw M-40 and .45acp M-45 pistols. Also, extended 8 rounds capacity magazines available for 9mm M-43 guns.
Firestar pistols are claimed to be ones of the smallest guns in their respective calibers, but, obviously not the lightest ones. The solid steel construction makes these guns extremely sturdy and reliable, and additional weight greatly improves recoil control and makes the shooting quite comfortable, despite the powerful ammunition and small size of the guns.

 
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